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我国行政诉讼简易程序的制度建构/徐健

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-05-25 10:20:46  浏览:8226   来源:法律资料网
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  2010年11月17日,最高院发布了《关于开展行政诉讼简易程序试点工作的通知》(以下简称《通知》),为行政诉讼简易程序的制度设计提供了充分的实践基础,修改《行政诉讼法》,增设行政诉讼简易程序已是大势所趋。笔者认为,在制定设计时,应当传承和发展现有的实践经验,同时,适当借鉴我国民事、刑事简易程序制度和国外的一些好的做法,力争使我国的行政诉讼简易程序设计完备而精细,务实而有效。

  一、行政诉讼简易程序的适用范围

  (一)适用的案件范围

  行政诉讼简易程序的范围是基本事实清楚、法律关系简单、权利义务明确的一审行政案件。从标的额、案件性质、紧急程度三方面划分为以下几类案件:

  1.标的额较小的案件。包括涉及财产金额较小的行政征收、行政处罚、行政收费类案件;行政机关已被确认违法,单独提起赔偿诉讼,且诉讼请求数额不大的案件。争议标的大小一般情况下能够反映案件的难易和影响程度,我国民事诉讼中也以标的额大小作为选择简易程序的标准之一。行政诉讼简易程序可以考虑将财产金额作为衡量的标准之一,如行政机关与法人争执数额在1万元以下(公民为2千元以下)的行政案件可以适用简易程序审理,各省高院可在此基础上再另作规定。

  2.案件性质轻微、社会影响小的案件。如行政机关适用简易程序的案件,不服行政机关通报批评、警告等轻微处罚的案件,请求行政机关颁发许可证(照),而行政机关不予受理或不予答复的案件,经初步审查可能在程序上驳回起诉的案件等。

  3.情况紧急类案件。如认为行政机关违法要求履行义务的案件,因为行政诉讼并不停止具体行政行为的执行,对此类案件适用简易程序审理,可以尽量减少相对人的损失。还有如要求行政机关履行保护人身权、财产权法定职责案件。

  4.法律规定的其它可以适用简易程序审理的案件。

  下列案件不适用简易程序:

  1.社会影响重大、涉及人数众多的案件。如敏感性、矛盾易激化、群体性行政案件等,这类案件往往带有示范效应,处理结果会直接影响到地方政府的经济发展或社会稳定,为了慎重对待,同时尽可能减少行政干预带来的影响,对此类案件的审理适用普通程序更适当。

  2.当事人主体地位特殊的案件。如被告是县级以上人民政府,原告为外国人或者我国港、澳、台居民的案件。

  3.发回重审和按照法律规定应当适用审判监督程序的行政案件;

  4.人民法院认为不宜适用简易程序进行审理的其他行政案件。此为兜底条款,赋予法官根据实际情况自由选择是否适用简易程序的权利。

  (二)适用的主体范围

  中级以上人民法院审理的一审行政案件能否适用简易程序?有学者认为:“行政诉讼简易程序只能由基层人民法院及其派出法庭适用,因为根据我国行政诉讼法的规定,中级人民法院审理的案件都是比较重大复杂的行政案件,且具有一定的社会影响力,对于这类案件必须严肃对待,谨慎处理,不能适用简易程序。 也有学者认为“简易程序应在第一审程序中适用,无论基层法院还是中级法院均可。因为法律规定,上一级法院可以根据具体情况审理下级法院审理的案件,如果下级基层法院所受理的案件可以适用简易程序,那么上级法院提审该案显然也能够适用简易程序,否则就会造成理论与实际的不一致。” 笔者认为,鉴于目前我国的司法环境、法官队伍的专业化程度,中级以上人民法院不宜适用简易程序,原因在于中级法院适用的大多数不是案情简单、争议不大、影响小的案件,必须慎重对待,适用普通程序可以起到更好的审理效果。此外,我国民事、刑事诉讼法都规定了简易程序只适用于基层人民法院,如此,也有利于三大诉讼法的统一。

  (三)适用的审级

  对于二审、再审行政诉讼案件能否适用简易程序,有观点认为,由于二审程序是为了纠正错误裁判而设立的,其性质和任务决定了其必须慎重对待,既要纠正错误,又要维护法律的尊严,故不应该适用简易程序进行审理。 也有观点认为,凡一审适用简易程序审理的行政案件,二审或再审时,可以适用简易程序,因为既然基层人民法院一审已适用简易程序,一般来说案件并不复杂,因此,二审和再审亦当简化程序,提高效率,没必要一律组成合议庭审理,以克服实践中空洞的、虚假的合议庭现象,如果二审或再审审理时发现案件复杂,仍可以适用普通程序审理。这样,法律赋予了二审、再审法院的程序决定权,便于审判工作的开展。对一审已适用普通程序审理的案件,二审或再审时则必须适用普通程序。 德国《行政法院法》规定,只要双方当事人在一审中已经进行了言辞辩论,使得案件事实已经基本清楚,而只是一方或双方当事人对判决的具体细节存在争议,那么在二审法官征得双方当事人同意的情况下,二审可以适用简易程序。笔者认为应当区别对待,为提高审判效率,上诉人仅就一审法院审理程序违法提起上诉的行政案件,如一审法院适用简易程序裁定不予受理或驳回起诉的案件等,除非二审法院发现案情复杂或者二审中发现了新的事实或当事人提出了新的证据,二审法院也应当适用简易程序;二审法院审理上诉人就一审案件的实体问题或实体与程序共同错误提起上诉的行政案件,以及一审适用普通程序审理的案件,二审法院都应该适用普通程序审理。

  二、行政诉讼简易程序的审判组织

  我国《民事诉讼法》、《刑事诉讼法》都规定了适用简易程序审理的案件,可由一名法官审理。在国外,多数国家的立法规定了行政诉讼简易程序由一名法官独任审理。如美国司法审查着重审查行政案卷和记录,简易程序和书面审理占了很大比例。美国行政诉讼中的审理以公开审理为原则,可采用简易程序,由一名法官审理行政案件。 《通知》第3条规定,适用简易程序审理的案件,经当事人同意,人民法院可以实行独任审理。从各国和地区的规定来看,独任制和简易程序之间没有绝对的联系,独任制是审判组织的形式,而简易程序则是诉讼程序的类别。独任制和合议制都可以适用于简易程序,并没有一个统一的模式。不过,基于简易程序有利于节约司法资源、提高诉讼效率的目的,笔者认为我国行政诉讼简易程序应采用独任制审理模式。原因主要在于:

  首先,行政审判队伍素质的不断加强,为行政诉讼简易程序独任制审理提供了保障。1989年《行政诉讼法》颁布时,我国的行政诉讼制度尚不健全,基础薄弱,行政审判经验又缺乏,司法独立不够,为了保证行政诉讼的顺利实施,法律规定了行政诉讼案件无论繁简难易一律组成合议庭并适用普通程序进行审理。 2001年,修改后的《法官法》确立了初任法官必须通过国家统一司法考试,提高了进入法官队伍的门槛,同时,法院通过内部人事制度改革和专职培训,使法官职业向精英化、专业化方向发展,人民法院审判人员的学历层次有了很大的提高,完全有能力独任审理行政案件。

  其次,合议制模式的弊端凸显出简易程序实行独任制审理的必要。从目前法院行政审判庭的人数配置来看,并不能完全满足正常审理案件的需要。江苏省共有123个法院(109家基层法院、13家中级法院和省高院),2010年全省法院行政审判人员为438人, 平均每个法院行政庭为3.56名审判人员,基层法院许多行政庭法官只有3人,有的甚至不足一个合议庭建制,为了符合行政诉讼法关于合议制的要求,一些法院就采取变通的方式,从其他审判庭抽调法官或者是选用人民陪审员组成合议庭来审理,也有的法院把一些年龄大、即将退休的法官安排在行政庭,为了合议庭组成的需要。在实际审理过程中,案件基本上是由承办法官一人操持,合议庭其它成员庭审前大多对案情不熟悉,审理过程中很少真正参与,合议时发表意见往往也是走过场,这种陪而不审、合而不议的现象是对审判资源的严重浪费。

  三、行政诉讼简易程序的审理规则

  (一)简易程序的启动

  行政诉讼简易程序的启动,应当赋予当事人的程序选择权,这符合当事人意思自治和权利处分的要求。简易程序的启动主要包括两种情形:

  第一种是当事人启动。当事人在起诉时合意申请适用简易程序审理的,人民法院应当同意。

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哈尔滨市解决居住特别困难户住房问题的规定

黑龙江省哈尔滨市人民政府


哈尔滨市解决居住特别困难户住房问题的规定
                     
人民政府令第8号



  第一条 为尽快解决居住特别困难户的住房,改善居住条件,推进住房制度改革,根据国家和省的有关规定,结合我市情况,制定本规定。
  第二条 对本市市区的居住特别困难户(以下简称特困户),均依照本规定解决住房。
  第三条 本规定所称特困户,是指有本市居住所在地正式户口,每一户一九九0年十二月三十一日在户籍的常住户口,人均居住面积在二平方米和二平方米以下的住户。
  第四条 解决特困户的住房,要与住房制度改革相结合,坚持有偿解困的原则,全社会动员,系统包单位,单位包职工按照轻重缓急、先易后难的要求,分期分批实施。
  第五条 解决特困户的住房,应层层实行领导责任制,签订解困责任状,纳入目标管理。
  第六条 本规定由市房产管理部门负责组织实施。
  市人民政府住房解困领导小组办公室(以下简称市住房解困办),承担住房解困管理具体工作。
  第七条 解决特困户的住房标准,人均使用面积要达到七平方米左右。
  第八条 特困户的核定,由本人提出申请,经所在工作单位或街道办事处审查、市主管部门或区人民政府的住房解困办审核批准后,报市住房解困办备案。
  中直、省属、松花江地区在哈单位特困户的核定,由本人提出申请,经所在工作单位审核批准,报市住房解困办备案。
  第九条 特困户有工作单位的,由所在工作单位解决住房;单位解决确有困难的,由单位主管部门统筹解决,单位有自有生活区的,可自建解困专用房;无自有生活区需要购买住房的,可购买统一建设的解困专用房。
  第十条 单位为职工建设或购买解困专用房,职工按建筑面积每平方米承担不低于二百五十元,其余资金,由职工所在工作单位承担,所在工作单位承担有困难的,由家庭成员所在工作单位共同承担。
  第十一条 单位向职工集资建设住房的,应优先吸收本单位特困户职工参加。特困户职工应承担的集资款,按本规定第十条规定执行。
  第十二条 单位建设或购买住房向职工出售或分配的,必须优先出售或分配给特困户,不受附加条件的限制。
  第十三条 特困户无工作单位、属于社会救济户的,由市住房解困办安排租赁解困住房,属于个体工商户和私营企业经营者的,通过合作建房或购买商品房解决住房。
  第十四条 有特困户的单位分配住房的方案,应经所在区人民政府或市主管部门的住房解困办审查批准,并报市住房解困办备案后,方可实施。
  第十五条 特困户所在的工作单位,解困任务未完成的,单位的领导不得分房。
  第十六条 特困户住房当年动迁改造的,按《哈尔滨市城市建设动迁管理办法》的规定解决。
  第十七条 单位建设或购买解困专用房,应提出申请,并附特困户名单,经所在区人民政府或市主管部门住房解困办审查,报市住房解困办批准后,发给《建设购买解困专用房优惠证明》。
  第十八条 单位建设或购买解困专用房,免交城市基础设施配套费、商业网点费、人防设施费、电权费、电增容费、新菜田建设基金、统征土地咨询服务费、大煤气工程集资费、教育附加费、中小学教师建房集资费、墙体改革价外加收款,在税收上给以照顾,凭《建设购买解困专用房优惠证明》,到有关部门办理免交费税手续
  特困户购买解困专用房,免交一次性契税,缓交房产税。
  第十九条 在解困期间内,每年从国家补贴、市机动财力和综合开发效益中统一划拨部分资金,专项用于解决社会救济的特困户的住房。
  第二十条 解困专用建设计划,由市城市建设综合开发办公室牵头,会同市计划、规划土地等部门和区人民政府根据市、区年度解困方案编制,报市人民政府批准后,由市城市建设综合开发办公室组织有关单位实施。
  第二十一条 无特困户的单位,新建住房分配后腾出的市直管公有住房,统一交市住房解困办,做解困专用房。
  第二十二条 对长期空闲的公有住房,由产权单位按有关规定收回,做解困用房。
  第二十三条 特困户在工作单位和街道办事处对已解决住房的特困户,要及时填报《解困处理结果联系单》经市主管部门或区人民政府审核后,上报市住房解困办。
  第二十四条 特困户个人按本规定第十条、第十一条规定出资、单位补助购买的解困专用房,产权归个人和单位共有,充许继承,经产权共有人同意,可以出售,产权共有人有优先购买权。职工出售住房时,由职工所在工作单位负责收回免交的税费和补助费,用于建设解困住房。出售住房的增值部分,按单位和职工出资比例,划分双方应得的份额。
  特困户通过合作建房按综合造价解决的住房,产权归特困户个人所有,允许继承和出售。出售时,由市房产管理部门收回免交的税费,用于建设解困住房。
  第二十五条 特困户购买解困住房的高压水泵费、电梯费、供暖费,有工作单位的,由所在工作单位支付;无工作单位的,由个人支付。房屋的管理维修,按公有住房售后管理维修的有关规定执行。
  第二十六条 单位建设或购买的解困专用房,可在一定时间内,按规定提取折旧费、大修理基金,继续用于住宅建设或维修。
  第二十七条 在解困工作中,任何单位和个人不准有下列行为:
  (一)向非解困单位和个人出售或出租解困房。
  (二)弄虚作假,骗取减免税费。
  (三)假公济私,以公款充私款,骗取产权。
  (四)挪用解困专用房。
  (五)非特困户骗取解困房。
  第二十八条 市解困办的职责:
  (一)组织贯彻住房解困方面的规定。
  (二)制订全市住房解困规划、计划,并组织实施。
  (三)对全市住房解困工作进行监督、检查和指导。
  (四)掌握全市住房解困工作进度,组织经验交流。
  (五)协调解决住房解困工作中的问题。
  (六)查处违反本规定的行为。
  第二十九条 区人民政府和特困户单位的市主管部门,要成立住房解困办,负责本地区、本系统住房解困的日常工作。
  第三十条 有特困户的街道办事处和单位应指定专、兼职人员,负责本地区、本单位住房解困工作。
  第三十一条 有特困户的街道办事处和单位,应将特困户名单、解困时间、解困途径、解困责任人、解困结果,向群众公开,接受群众监督。
  第三十二条 各级住房解困办的工作人员,要认真履行职责,秉公办事,不得利用职权徇私舞弊。
  第三十三条 对违反本规定第二十七条规定的,由有关部门依据法律、法规的规定处罚;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
  第三十四条 县(市)人民政府可根据本规定,制定解决特困户的住房的具体措施。
  第三十五条 本规定自一九九一年六月一日起施行。
                         哈尔滨市人民政府
                          1991年5月29日

中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例实施细则(英文版)

中国保险监督管理委员会


中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例实施细则(英文版)


Detailed Rules for Implementation of Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies

Article 1
These Rules are formulated in accordance with the Insurance Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies (hereinafter referred to as “the Regulations”).

Article 2
A foreign insurance company under the Regulations refers to an insurance company registered and conducting insurance business outside the territory of China.

Article 3
The proportion of foreign equity in an insurance company incorporated within the territory of China by a foreign insurance company with a Chinese company or enterprise that conducts life insurance business (hereinafter referred to as “joint-equity life insurance company”) shall be no more than 50% of the total equity of the company.

The shares of a joint-equity life insurance company directly or indirectly held by a foreign insurance company shall not exceed the limit of proportion as stipulated in the preceding paragraph.

Article 4
For a foreign-funded insurance company established within the territory of China before the Regulations became effective with registered capital or working capital of less than RMB 200 million or an equivalent amount in a freely convertible currency, its registered capital or working capital shall be fully paid within 2 years after these Rules become effective. For those who fail to fully pay the registered capital or working capital, China Insurance Regulatory Commission shall not grant approval to their application for operation of new business.

Article 5
The registered capital or working capital of a foreign-funded insurance company shall be the actually paid-up currency.

Article 6
After establishing a branch, the foreign insurance company shall not withdraw the working capital in any form.

Article 7
The period of operation of insurance business being more than 30 years, which is mentioned in Item 1 of Article 8 of the Regulations, means that the foreign insurance company shall have continuously been running insurance business for more than 30 years, and the foreign insurance company’s acquisition of another institution or merger with another institution to establish a new insurance company, shall not affect the calculation of the business operation period.

The business operation period of a subsidiary of a foreign insurance company shall start from the date of establishment of the subsidiary.

Article 8
The representative office mentioned in Item 2 of Article 8 of the Regulations refers to the following representative offices approved by China Insurance Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as “CIRC”):

(1) The representative office established by a foreign insurance company;
(2) The representative office established by a group to which a foreign insurance company belongs.

Article 9
The representative office established by a foreign insurance company or its group to which the insurance company belongs is only applicable to application for establishing one foreign-funded insurance company.

Article 10
The end of the year prior to the application for the establishment mentioned in Item 3 of Article 8 of the Regulations refers to the end of the previous fiscal year before the date of application.

Article 11
The other prudential requirements mentioned in Item 7 of Article 8 of the Regulations shall at least include the following requirements:

(1) Reasonable structure for corporate governance;
(2) Stable and sound risk control system;
(3) Sound internal control system;
(4) Effective Management Information System;
(5) Good operating performance without records of serious violation of laws and regulations.

Article 12
Where the applicant fails to provide the business license (duplicate) as stipulated in Item 2 of Article 9 of the Regulations, the applicant may provide a valid copy of the business license or a written certificate issued by the relevant authority evidencing the applicant’s eligibility to conduct insurance business.

Article 13
The certificate mentioned in Item 2 of Article 9 of the Regulations, which is issued by the relevant authority of the country or region where the foreign applicant is located to evidence the applicant’s solvency, shall include one of the following contents:

(1) Certifying that the applicant complies with the regulatory requirements of the country or region on solvency in the previous fiscal year as of the date when the relevant authority issues the certificate;
(2) Certifying that the applicant has no record of incompliance with the standard of the country or region on solvency in the previous fiscal year as of the date when the relevant authority issues the certificate.

Article 14
The Letter of Comments issued by the relevant authority of the country or region where the foreign applicant is located concerning the applicant’s application, which is mentioned in Item 2 of Article 9 of the Regulations, shall include the following contents:

(1) Whether the application for the establishment of an insurance institution in China complies with the laws and rules of the applicant’s country or region;
(2) Whether the authority approves the applicant’s application;
(3) The record of the punishment imposed on the applicant in the last three years prior to the date of issuance of the Letter of Comments by the relevant authority;

Article 15
The annual report mentioned in Item 3 of Article 9 of the Regulations shall include the Balance Sheets, Statements of Profit and Loss, and Cash Flow Statements of the applicant in the last three fiscal years prior to the date of application.

The annual report mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be attached with the auditor’s report issued by an accounting or auditing firm authorized by the country or region where the applicant is located.

Article 16
Except otherwise specified by the laws or administrative regulations or approved by the State Council, the Chinese applicant mentioned in Item 4 of Article 9 of the Regulations shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) The companies or enterprises with the capacity of legal person registered at the administration department of industry and commerce, excluding commercial banks, securities organizations and the foreign-funded enterprises specified in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Foreign-funded Enterprises;
(2) Being approved by the administrative authority of the enterprise or its shareholders’ meeting;
(3) Good operating performance and in the previous fiscal year as of the application date being profitable;
(4) Making the investment with self-owned capital from legitimate sources.

Article 17
The relevant documents to be submitted by a Chinese applicant for the establishment of a joint-equity insurance company shall include business license (duplicate), articles of association, business structure, operation history, annual report and punishment record for the last three years.

Article 18
The person in charge of the preparation of a foreign-funded insurance company shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) Academic degree above junior college level;
(2) Insurance or related work experience for over 2 years;
(3) No illegal and criminal record.

Article 19
Where an applicant applies for the extension of the preparation period according to the provisions specified in Article 11 of the Regulations, he shall, within 1 month before expiration of the original preparation period, submit a written application to CIRC and explain the reason.

Article 20
The preparation report mentioned in Item 1 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall summarize all the issues stated in other paragraphs under this article.

Article 21
The statutory capital verification organization mentioned in Item 4 of Article 11 of the Regulations refers to an accounting firm complying with the requirements of CIRC.

Article 22
The capital verification certificate mentioned in Item 4 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall include the following contents:

(1) A Capital Verification Report issued by a statutory capital verification organization;
(2) A copy of the original bank receipt voucher evidencing payment of the registered capital or working capital.

Article 23
The main person-in-charge mentioned in Item 5 of Article 11 of the Regulations refers to the general manager of the proposed branch of a foreign insurance company.

The letter of attorney issued to the person to be appointed as the main person-in-charge of the proposed branch of the foreign insurance company, refers to the letter of attorney issued to the person to be appointed as the general manager of the proposed branch of the foreign insurance company, which is signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or General Manager of the foreign insurance company.

The letter of attorney shall explicitly specify the scope of authorization granted to the authorized person.

Article 24
The senior managerial personnel of the proposed company mentioned in Item 6 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall have the qualifications specified by CIRC.

The senior managerial personnel of the branch of a foreign insurance company shall have the qualifications equal to those required for the counterparts in the headquarters of an insurance company.

Article 25
The materials regarding business place of the proposed company mentioned in Item 9 of Article 11 of the Regulations refers to the supporting documents evidencing the ownership or use-right of the business place.

The materials concerning other facilities related to the business mentioned in Item 9 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall include at least information about configuration of computer facilities, network construction and information management system.

Article 26
The following documents or materials to be provided by a foreign insurance company for an application for the establishment of a foreign-funded insurance company according to the requirements specified in the Regulations and these Rules, shall be notarized by a public notary legally established in the local country or region, or verified by the embassy or consulate of China in that country:

(1) The business license (duplicate) or valid copy of the business license;
(2) A letter of attorney issued to the proposed person-in-charge of the branch of a foreign insurance company;
(3) A letter of guarantee of a foreign insurance company to undertake the obligations of tax and duties payment and debts repayment on behalf of its branch in China.

Article 27
A foreign-funded insurance company may apply for establishing branches as needed according to business development.

The branch of a foreign insurance company can only conduct business within the territory of the province, autonomous region or municipality where the branch is located. Where the joint-equity insurance company or wholly-owned insurance company is prepared to conduct business in any other province, autonomous region or municipality outside its locality, it shall establish a branch in the place concerned.

A foreign insurance company may, according to actual circumstances, apply for establishing a central sub-branch or sub-branch, operating office or marketing service office. The establishment and management of marketing service offices shall be subject to other applicable regulations of CIRC, if any.

Article 28
Where a joint-equity or wholly-owned insurance company which has been established with a minimum registered capital of RMB200 million, applies for the first time for the establishment of a branch in every other province, autonomous region, or municipality outside its locality, it shall increase the registered capital by no less than RMB20 million.

By the time of applying for the establishment of a branch, if the registered capital of a joint-equity or wholly-owned insurance company has reached the amount as stipulated in the preceding paragraph, the company will no longer be required to increase its registered capital.

Where the registered capital of a joint-equity or wholly-owned insurance company has reached RMB500 million and where the solvency of the company is adequate, no increase of registered capital is required when the company applies for the establishment of a branch.

Article 29
A foreign-funded insurance company that applies for the establishment of a branch shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) Its solvency margin shall comply with relevant regulations specified by CIRC.
(2) Its internal control system is sound and there is no record of punishment; where the operating period exceeds 2 years, there is no record of punishment in the most recent 2 years;
(3) It has senior managerial personnel of the branch with the relevant qualifications specified by CIRC.

Article 30
A foreign-funded insurance company that applies for the establishment of a branch shall submit an application to CIRC and provide the following documents in triplicate:

(1) A letter of application for establishment;
(2) Audited solvency status reports as of the end of the previous fiscal year and as of the end of the last quarter;
(3) A three-year business development plan and market analysis for the proposed branch;
(4) Resume(s) of the person(s)-in-charge of the organization preparation and relevant certificates.

Article 31
CIRC shall examine the application and decide, within 20 days after receiving the complete application documents, whether or not to grant approval; in case no approval is granted, CIRC shall inform the applicant in writing of the decision and explain the reason.

After approval is granted, the applicant shall complete the preparation within 6 months. Where the applicant fails to do so within the prescribed time limit, if the reason is justified and subject to approval by CIRC, the period may be extended for 3 months. Where the preparation is still not completed within the extended period, the original approval document issued by CIRC becomes void automatically.

The preparing body may not be engaged in any commercial activities concerning insurance.

Article 32
After the preparation is completed, the applicant shall apply to CIRC for opening business and submit the following documents in triplicate:

(1) A letter of application for opening business;
(2) A progress report of the preparation work;
(3) Resume(s) of senior managerial personnel to be appointed and relevant certificates;
(4) Relevant certificates of ownership or use-right of the office for the proposed branch, information regarding the configuration of computer facilities, network construction, and internal structure and staff.

Article 33
CIRC shall decide, within 20 days after receiving the complete application documents for opening business, whether or not to grant approval; in case the application is approved, a license for conducting insurance business shall be issued to the branch; in case the application is disapproved, CIRC shall inform the applicant in writing of the decision and explain the reason.

The branch with approval for opening business shall go through the formalities of business registration at the administration department of industry and commerce by presenting the approval document and the license for conducting insurance business and accordingly obtain business license from the authority before opening business.

Article 34
Unless otherwise stipulated in these Rules, the examination and administration of the qualifications of the senior managerial personnel of a foreign-funded insurance company and its branches shall be subject to the relevant regulations of CIRC.

Article 35
Where a joint-equity or wholly-owned property insurance company applies for dissolution when it splits, or merges with another one, or dissolves pursuant to the articles of association, such dissolution must be subject to approval of CIRC and the following documents shall be submitted:

(1) A letter of application signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the company;
(2) The resolution of the meeting of shareholders;
(3) Composition of the proposed liquidation group and a plan for liquidation;
(4) A proposal for solving the outstanding liabilities.

Article 36
The joint-equity or wholly-owned property insurance company whose dissolution has been approved by CIRC shall, from the date of receiving the approval document from CIRC, terminate any new business activities and hand in the license for conducting insurance business to CIRC and form a liquidation group within 15 days.

Article 37
The liquidation group shall, within 5 days after its establishment, inform the relevant authorities concerning the administration departments of industry and commerce, tax, labor and social security in writing of the liquidation procedure and conditions.

Article 38
The liquidation group shall, within 1 month from the date of establishment, appoint an accounting firm pursuant to the requirements of CIRC to conduct auditing, and shall deliver an auditor’s report to CIRC within three months from the date of appointment.

Article 39
The liquidation group shall submit the latest liability liquidation and assets disposal report to CIRC before the tenth date of each month.

Article 40
The newspaper mentioned in Article 28 of the Regulations refers to the newspaper specified by CIRC.

Article 41
The foreign property insurance company that applies for cancellation of its branch in China shall submit an application to CIRC for approval and present the following materials:

(1) A letter of application signed by the Board of Directors or General Manager of the foreign property insurance company;
(2) Composition of the proposed liquidation group and a plan for liquidation;
(3) A proposal for solving the outstanding liabilities.

The procedures of application for dissolution of a joint-equity or foreign-funded property insurance company specified in the Regulations and these Rules shall be applicable to the specific procedures for the foreign property insurance company to cancel its branch in China.

Where the head office of a branch of a foreign property insurance company is dissolved or cancelled or declared bankruptcy according to law, the liquidation and liability disposal of the branch of such foreign property insurance company shall comply with the regulations concerning dissolution of the joint-equity or wholly-owned property insurance company stipulated in Article 30 of the Regulations and these Rules.

Article 42
The foreign-funded insurance company in violation of the relevant provisions of these Rules shall be subject to punishment by CIRC according to the provisions specified in Insurance Law, the Regulations and other relevant laws and regulations.

Article 43
The documents, materials and written reports to be submitted or reported under the Regulations and these Rules shall be prepared in Chinese version, and the Chinese version shall prevail in the event of discrepancy between the Chinese version and the foreign language version.

Article 44
The period specified in the Regulations and these Rules shall start from the date when the relevant materials are delivered to CIRC. If the application documents provided by the applicant is incomplete and further delivery is needed, the period shall start from the date when the supplementary materials are delivered to CIRC.

The period concerning approval and report delivery prescribed in these Rules refers to working days.

Article 45
The issues concerning administration of a foreign-funded insurance company that are not specified in the Regulations or these Rules shall be governed by the applicable laws, administrative rules and relevant regulations of CIRC.

The establishment of a foreign-funded reinsurance company shall comply with the Regulations on Establishment of Reinsurance Companies. The issues not specified in the Regulations on Establishment of Reinsurance Companies shall be governed by these Rules.

Article 46
These Rules shall, mutatis mutandis, apply to insurance companies that are established and operated in Chinese mainland by insurance companies from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region or Taiwan region. The issues otherwise stipulated in the laws, administrative rules or administrative protocols shall be governed by the stipulations therein.

Article 47
These Rules shall come into effect as of June 15, 2004.



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